The Nature of Organic Compounds: Alkanes and Cycloalkanes -- Section 2 of Organic Chemistry Notes is 18 pages in length (page 2-1 through page 2-18) and covers ALL you'll need to know about the following lecture/book topics:

SECTION 2 – The Nature of Organic Compounds: Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

2-1 -- Classification of Functional Groups
_· Alkanes
_· Alkenes
_· Alkynes
_· Alcohols
_· Ketones
_· Esters
2-2 -- Hydrocarbons
_· Aliphatic Hydrocarbons (alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes)
_· Aromatic Hydrocarbons (benzene)
2-2 -- Alkanes (Unbranched, Branched, and Cyclic Alkanes)
_· Homologous Series
_· Constitutional (“Structural”) Isomers
2-4 -- Types of Carbon Atoms
_· Primary Carbons (1°)
_· Secondary Carbons (2°)
_· Tertiary Carbons (3°)
_· Quaternary Carbons (4°)
2-5 -- Various Types of Alkyl Groups (Branches, or Substituents)
2-7 -- Systematic Nomenclature of Alkanes (IUPAC)
_· Four Rules for Naming Alkanes (Rules 1-4)
_· How to Find the Parent Hydrocarbon (“Parent Chain” or “Main Chain”)
_· How to Number the Atoms in the Parent Chain
_· How to Identify and Number the Branches (“Substituents”)
_· How to Write the IUPAC Name of the Compound
2-11 -- Naming Complex Branches in Organic Compounds
2-12 -- Common Names (“non-IUPAC”) for Some Simple Alkyl Branches
2-13 -- Examples of Alkane Nomenclature
2-15 -- Nomenclature of Alkyl Halides (R-X)
2-15 -- Disubstituted Cycloalkanes
_· Stereoisomerism
_· Cis/Trans Isomers
2-16 -- Properties of Alkanes (5 Key Points)
_· Nonpolar (“Hydrophobic”) Properties of Alkanes
_· Boiling Point Trends
_· The Effects of Branching
_· Melting Point Trends
_· Combustion of Alkanes (Calorimetry and Product Analysis)

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